Abbreviations
| # | Number |
| A | Amperes, measure of electrical current |
| A/C | Air Conditioning |
| AC | Air Curtain |
| ACB | Air Circuit Breaker |
| ACDB | Alternating Current Distribution Board |
| ACPU | Air-cooled Package Unit |
| ACSR | Aluminium Cable / Conductor Steel Reinforced |
| ACSU | Air-cooled Split Unit |
| ACU | Air Conditioning Unit |
| ACVS | Air Conditioning and Ventilation System |
| AD | Duct/Plenum Access Door |
| ADU | Air Handling unit, With Integral Devices for Increased Dehumidification |
| AE | Acoustical Elbow |
| AFA | Air-conditioned Floor Area |
| AFF | Above Finish Floor |
| AFMS | Air Flow Monitoring / Measuring Station |
| AFP | Air Flow Measurement Probe |
| AFT | Air Flow Transducer / Temperature Monitor |
| AH | Ampere Hour Capacity of Batteries |
| AHU | Air Separator |
| AL | Aluminium |
| ALT | Alternate, Alternative |
| AMB | Ambient |
| AP | Access Panel |
| APD | Air Pressure Drop (in inches of water column) |
| AR | Acid Resistant |
| ARU | Air Handling Unit, With Integral Devices for Energy Recovery |
| ARV | Air Relief Valve, Manual Air Vent |
| AS | Air Saperator |
| AT | Pounds per Square Inch |
| ATD | Air Temperature Drop (in °F, unless otherwise noted) |
| ATM | Atmosphere |
| ATR | Air Temperature Rise (in °F, unless otherwise noted) |
| ATV | Air Turning Vanes |
| AUTO | Automatic |
| AVE | Air Volume Extractor |
| AVR | Automatic Voltage Regulator |
| AWA | Aluminium Wire Armour |
| BAS | Building Automation System |
| BCP | Boiler Circulation Pump |
| BD | Barometric Damper or Barometric, Counter Balanced Gravity Operated Damper) |
| BDD | Backdraft Damper |
| BHP | Brake Horsepower (in Horsepower) |
| BIL | Breakdown Insulation Level |
| BLDG | Building |
| BLR | Boiler |
| BMS | Building Management System |
| BOD | Bottom of Duct/Device (in units noted) |
| BP | Barometric Pressure (in Inches of Mercury, unless otherwise noted) |
| BS | British Standards |
| BTU | British Thermal Units |
| BTUH | British Thermal Units per Hour |
| C | Electrical Capacitance |
| CACA | Totally Enclosed Air Circuit, Air Cooled |
| CACW | Totally Enclosed Air Circuit, Water Cooled |
| CAD | Computer-Aided Design |
| CAPEX | Capital Expenditure |
| CAU | Combustion Air Unit |
| CBA | Chill Beam, Active |
| CBD | Chilled Beam, Active Displacement Air Unit |
| CBP | Chilled Beam, Passive |
| CC | Cooling Coil |
| CCP | Coil Circulation Pump |
| CD | Control Damper |
| CDD | Cooling Degree Day |
| CF | Cartridge Filter |
| CFH | Cubic Feet per Hour (Gas Unit of Measure) |
| CFL | Compact Fluorescent Lamp |
| CFM | Air/Gas Flow Rate (in Cubic Feet per Minute) |
| CHLR | Chiller |
| CHP | Chilled Water Pump |
| CHR | Chilled Water Return |
| CHS | Chilled Water Supply |
| CHWP | Chilled Water Pump |
| CHWR | Chilled Water Return |
| CHWS | Chilled Water Supply |
| CL | Center Line |
| CLG | Ceiling |
| cmh | Cubic Meter per Hour, also abbreviated as m3/h |
| CO | Clean Out |
| CO2 | Carbon Dioxide |
| COL | Column |
| COMP | Compressor |
| COND | Condenser |
| CP | Condensate Pump (Consender Water Pump) |
| Cp | Specific Heat Capacity of Water, 4184 J kg-1 K-1 |
| CRU | Computer Room Unit |
| CSF | Chemical Shot Feeder |
| CSR | Current Sensing Relay |
| CT | Cooling Tower |
| CT | Current Transformer (Electrical) |
| COP | Coefficient of Performance |
| CU | Condensing Unit |
| CUH | Cabinet Unit Heater |
| CV | Convector |
| CWP | Condenser Water Pump |
| CWR | Condenser Water Return |
| CWS | Condenser Water Supply |
| DB | Dry Bulb Temperature (in °F, unless otherwise noted) |
| DC | Dust Collector |
| DC W | Domestic Cold Water |
| DCS | Distributed Control System |
| DELTA T | Temperature Difference |
| DHW | Domestic Hot Water |
| DIA / Ø | Diameter (in Inches, unless otherwise noted) |
| DOAS | Dedicated Outdoor Air System |
| DOL | Direct Online |
| DOSH | Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Human Resources |
| DP | Differential Pressure (in Feet of Head, unless otherwise noted) |
| DPM | Digital Power Meter |
| DPS | Differential Pressure Switch |
| DPT | Differential Pressure Transmitter |
| DS | Air Separator |
| DT | Differential Temperature (in °F, unless otherwise noted) |
| DU | Air Separator |
| DUC | Door Under Cut ( in Inches, unless otherwise noted) |
| DWG | Drawing |
| E/P | Electrical/Pneumatic |
| EA | Energy Audit |
| EAT | Entering Air Temperature (in °F, unless otherwise noted) |
| EC | Energy Commission |
| ECON | Economizer |
| EE | Energy Efficiency |
| EER | Energy Efficiency Ratio |
| EF | Exhaust Fan |
| EFF | Efficiency |
| EG | Exhaust Grille |
| EH | Exhaust Hood |
| ELEC | Electric, Electrical |
| ELEV | Elevation |
| ELR | Earth Leakage Relay |
| EM | Expanded Metal (Min of 70% Free Area, unless otherwise noted) |
| EMEER | Efficient Management of Electrical Energy Regulation |
| EMER | Emergency |
| EMIS | Energy Management Information System by Suruhanjaya Tenaga |
| EMLDB | Emergency Lighting Distribution Board |
| Enaving | Energy Management System, trademarked |
| ENMS | Energy Management System |
| EOCR | Electronic Over Current Relay |
| EPC | Energy Performance Contracting |
| EPR | Ethylene Propylene Rubber |
| EQUIP | Equipment |
| ERC | Energy Recovery Chiller |
| ERV | Energy Recovery Ventilator |
| ERW | Energy Recovery Wheel, also referred to as a heat wheel |
| ESAH | Electricity Supply Application Handbook, published by TNB |
| ESM | Energy Saving Measure |
| ET | Expansion Tank |
| EWT | Entering Water Temperature (in °F, unless otherwise noted) |
| EX | Existing |
| EXH | Exhaust |
| EXP | Expansion |
| EXT | Exterior |
| F&T | Float and Thermostatic Trap |
| F/SD | Combination Fire/Smoke Damper |
| FCU | Fan Coil Unit |
| FCV | Fan Coil Unit, for VRF Systems |
| FD | Fire Damper |
| FFL | Finished Floor Level |
| FL | Fluorescent |
| FLA | Full Load Amps |
| FM | Facility Manager |
| FOR | Fuel Oil Return |
| FOS | Fuel Oil Supply |
| FOV | Fuel Oil Vent |
| FP | Fire Protection |
| FPM | Feet per Minute |
| FR | Filter Rack |
| FRLS | Fire Resistance Low Smoke |
| FRP | Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic |
| FS | Fireman’s Switch |
| FS | Flow Switch |
| FT | Feet |
| FT HD | Feet per Head |
| FTR | Fin Tube Radiation |
| G | Gas |
| GA | Gauge |
| GAL | Gallons |
| GALV | Galvanized |
| GBI | Green Building Index |
| GC | Condensate Piping – Gravity Drainage |
| GCPV | Grid-connected photovoltaic power system |
| GEF | Global Environment Facility |
| GF | Glycol Feeder |
| GFA | Gross Floor Area |
| GIS | Gas Insulated Substation / Switchgear |
| GLR | Ground/Geothermal Loop Return |
| GLS | Ground/Geothermal Loop Supply |
| GPM | Gallons per Minute |
| HART | Highway Addressable Remote Transducer |
| HC | Heating Coil |
| HDD | Heating Degree Day |
| HDG | Heavy Duty Grille |
| HG | Refrigerant Hot Gas |
| HHR | Heating Hot Water Return |
| HHS | Heating Hot Water Supply |
| HLS | High Limit Switch |
| HMI | Human Machine Interface |
| HP | Horsepower |
| HPMV | High-Pressure Sodium Vapor Lamp |
| HPR | Heat Pump Loop Return |
| HPS | Heat Pump Loop Supply |
| HPSV | High-Pressure Sodium Vapor Lamp |
| HPU | Heat Pump Air Handling Unit, Air or Water Source |
| HPW | Water to Water Heat Pump Unit |
| HRC | High Rupture Capacity Fuse |
| HT | High Tension (which is usually Medium Voltage) |
| HV | High Voltage (above 66kV) |
| HVAC | Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning |
| HWP | Heating Hot Water Pump |
| Ibright | Ibright Great Resources Sdn Bhd |
| ID | Inside Diameter (in Inches, unless otherwise noted) |
| IDMT | Inverse Definite Minimum Time relay |
| IH | Intake Hood |
| IN WC | Inches of Water Column |
| INSUL | Insulation/Insulate |
| INV | Invert |
| IR | Infra-red |
| ISO | Isolator |
| JB | Junction Box |
| JKR | Jabatan Kerja Raya (Public Works Department) |
| kA | Kilo amperes |
| KH | Kitchen Hood |
| kW | kilowatts |
| kWh | kilowatts hour |
| LAT | Leaving Air Temperature (in °F, unless otherwise noted) |
| LCS | Local Control Station |
| LDB | Lighting Distribution Board |
| LED | Light Emitting Diode |
| LF | Linear Feet |
| LF | Load Factor |
| LLS | Low Limit Switch |
| lm | Lumens |
| LP | Liquid Petroleum |
| LPM | Litres per Minute |
| LPS | Low-Pressure Steam Supply |
| LRA | Locked Rotor Amps |
| LV | Low Voltage (400V, 230V) |
| LVR | Louver |
| LWT | Leaving Water Temperature (in °F, unless otherwise noted) |
| M | Motor |
| MAT | Mixed Air Temperature (in °F, unless otherwise noted) |
| MAX | Maximum |
| MBH | Equivalent to 1000 BTU per hour |
| MCB | Miniature Circuit Breaker |
| MCC | Motor Control Centre / Motor Control Cabinet |
| MCCB | Moulded Case Circuit Breaker |
| MD | Maximum Demand |
| MECH | Mechanical |
| MFR | Manufacturer |
| MH | Manhole |
| MH | Metal Halide |
| MH | Meters Head (water pressure, in meters of water) |
| MIN | Minimum |
| MISC | Miscellaneous |
| MLDB | Main Lighting Distribution Board |
| MMBtu | 1 million BTU (British Thermal Unit) |
| MOD | Motorized Operated Damper |
| MPCB | Motor Protection Circuit Breaker |
| MPDB | Main Power Distribution Board |
| MPS | Medium Pressure Steam Supply |
| MS | MS Mild Steel |
| MS1525 | MS 1525 Code of Practice on Energy Efficiency and Use of Renewable Energy for Non-Residential Building, by Department of Standards Malaysia |
| MTD | Mounted |
| MUA | Make-Up Air Handling Unit |
| MV | Medium Voltage (6.6kV to 33kV) |
| NC | Normally Closed (electrical contact) |
| NG | Natural Gas |
| NIC | Not in Contract |
| NO | Normally Opened (electrical contact) |
| No. | Number |
| NOM | Nominal |
| NP | Non-Potable Water |
| NTS | Not to Scale |
| OA | Outdoor Air |
| OAT | Outdoor Air Temperature (in °F, unless otherwise noted) |
| OC | On Center |
| OCB | Oil Circuit Breaker |
| OD | Outdoor Diameter (in Inches, unless otherwise noted) |
| OLTC | On Load Tap Changer |
| OR | Oil Return |
| OS | Oil Supply |
| P | Pump |
| P/E | Pneumatic/Electric |
| P/T | Pressure/Temperature Port, Pete’s Plug |
| PC | Pumped Condensate |
| PDB | Power Distribution Board |
| PF | Power Factor |
| PHC | Preheat Coil |
| PID | Proportional, Integral and Derivative |
| PLC | Pounds per Square Inch |
| ppm | parts per million |
| PREFAB | Prefabricated |
| PRES | Pressure |
| PRV | Pressure Reducing Valve |
| PSF | Pounds per Square Foot |
| PSI | Pounds per Suare Inch |
| PT | Potential Transformer |
| PTAC | Package Terminal Air Conditioning Unit |
| PTFE | PolyTetraFluoroEthylene |
| PUH | Propeller Unit Heater |
| PVC | Polyvinyl Chloride |
| R | Radiant |
| RA | Return Air |
| RAD | Radius |
| RCBO | Residual Current Operated Circuit Breaker |
| RCBO | Residual Current Circuit Breaker with Overcurrent Protection |
| RCCB | Residual Current Circuit Breaker |
| RCD | Residual Current Device |
| RCP | Radiant Ceiling Panel |
| REEM | Registered Electrical Energy Manager |
| REQ’D | Required |
| RFM | Refrigerant Monitor |
| RG | Return Air Grilled |
| RH | Relief Hood |
| RH | Relative Humidity |
| RHC | Reheat Coil |
| RIO | Remote Input Output |
| RL | Refrigerant Liquid |
| RLA | Running Load Amps |
| RLY | Relay |
| RM | Room |
| RPM | Revolutions per Minute |
| RS | Refrigerant Suction |
| RT | Refrigeration Ton. 1 RT = 12000 BTU/hr. 1 RT = 3.517 kWR Sometimes also abbreviated as TR (Tonne of Refrigeration). |
| RTD | Resistance Temperature Detector |
| RTU | Roof Top Air Handling Unit |
| RTU | Remote Terminal Unit |
| RV | Roof Mounted Ventilator |
| RWO | Return Air Wall Opening (above ceiling, unless otherwise noted) |
| S | Sensor |
| SA | Supply Air (with a unit measurement of CFM) |
| SAG | Supply Air Grille |
| SC | Steam Condensate |
| SCADA | Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition |
| SCHED | Schedule |
| SCIM | Squirrel Cage Induction Motor |
| SD | Smoke Damper |
| SEU | Significant Energy User |
| SF | Supply Fan |
| SF | Shot Feeder |
| SHT | Sheet |
| SIM | Similar |
| SL | Linear Slot Diffuser |
| SLDB | Secondary Lighting Distribution Board |
| SP | Static Pressure (in Inches of Water Column for Air/Gas Systems) |
| SPEC | Specifications (S) |
| SRIM | Slip Ring Induction Motor |
| SS | Stainless Steel |
| ST | Suruhanjaya Tenaga (Energy Commission) |
| STD | Standard |
| SWA | Single Wire Armoured |
| T | Temperature (in °F, unless otherwise noted) |
| TA | Transfer Air |
| TB | Terminal Block |
| TC | Temperature Control |
| TC C | Temperature Control Contractor |
| TC P | Temperature Control System Control Panel |
| TC S | Temperature Control System |
| TD | Temperature Drop (in °F, unless otherwise stated) |
| TEMP | Temperature (in °F, unless otherwise stated) |
| TNB | Tenaga Nasional Berhad |
| TOD | Top of Duct/Device (in units noted) |
| TON | See RT. |
| TP | Three pole |
| TPN | Three pole (and) neutral |
| TR | Temperature Rise (in °F, unless otherwise stated) |
| TSER | Total Solar Energy Rejection, in % |
| TX | Transformer |
| TXV | Thermal Expansion Valve |
| TYP | Typical |
| UH | Unit Heater |
| UPS | Uninterrupted Power Supply |
| USGPM | US Gallon Per Minute. 1 USGPM = 3.7854 litre per minute |
| UV | Unit Ventilator |
| UV | Ultraviolet |
| V | Vent |
| VAC | Vacuum |
| VAV | Variable Air Volume |
| VCB | Vacuum Circuit Breaker |
| VD | Volume Damper |
| VEL | Velocity (in Feet per Minute, unless otherwise noted) |
| VF | Ventilation Fan |
| VFC | Variable Frequency Controller (or VFD – Variable Frequency Drive) |
| VHP | Variable Refrigerant Volume Heat Pump Unit, For VRF Systems |
| VIF | Verify in Field |
| VRC | Refrigerant System Controller, For VRF System |
| VRF | Variable Refrigerant Flow |
| VRV | Variable Refrigerant Volume |
| VVD | Dual Inlet Variable Primary Air Volume Terminal Unit |
| VVF | Fan Powered Variable Primary Air Volume Terminal Unit |
| VVR | Variable Primary Air Volume Terminal Unit |
| VVVF | Variable Voltage Variable Frequency |
| W | Watts |
| W/ | With |
| W/O | Without |
| WB | Wet Bulb Temperature (in °F, unless otherwise stated) |
| WPD | Water Pressure Drop (in Feet of Head, unless otherwise stated) |
| WR | Wall Register |
| XLPE | Cross-Linked Polyethylene |
